nginx实现动静分离实例讲解

admin Linux教程 2022-02-10 08:47:36 nginx 动静分离"

为了加快网站的解析速度，可以把动态页面和静态页面由不同的服务器来解析，加快解析速度。降低原来单个服务器的压力。简单来说，就是使用正则表达式匹配过滤，然后交个不同的服务器。

1、准备环境

准备一个nginx代理两个http 分别处理动态和静态。

1.配置编译安装的nginx为反向代理upstream；

upstream static {
server 10.0.105.196:80 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=60s;
}
upstream php {
server 10.0.105.200:80 weight=1 max_fails=1 fail_timeout=60s;
}

server {
listen server_name
#动态资源加载
80;
localhost
location ~ \.(php|jsp)$ { proxy_pass http://phpserver;

proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}

#静态资源加载
location ~ \.(html|jpg|png|css|js)$ { proxy_pass http://static; proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}

静态资源配置---10.0.105.196

server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;

location ~ \.(html|jpg|png|js|css)$ { root /var/www/nginx;
}
}

上传图片

动态资源配置: 10.0.105.200

yum 安装php7.1

[root@nginx-server ~]#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel- release.rpm

[root@nginx-server ~]#rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic- release.rpm

[root@nginx-server ~]#yum install php71w-xsl php71w php71w-ldap php71w-cli php71w-common php71w-devel php71w-gd php71w-pdo php71w-mysql php71w-mbstring php71w-bcmath php71w-mcrypt -y

[root@nginx-server ~]#yum install -y php71w-fpm [root@nginx-server ~]#systemctl start php-fpm [root@nginx-server ~]#systemctl enable php-fpm

编辑nginx的配置文件:

[root@nginx-server ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ [root@nginx-server conf.d]# vim phpserver.conf server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost; location ~ \.php$ {

root /home/nginx/html; #指定网站目录

fastcgi_pass fastcgi_index fastcgi_param

#站点根目录，取决于root配置项

include

}

}

127.0.0.1:9000; #指定访问地址

index.php;

#指定默认文件

SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_params; #包含nginx常量定义

当访问静态页面的时候location 匹配到 (html|jpg|png|js|css) 通过转发到静态服务器，静态服务通过

location的正则匹配来处理请求。

当访问动态页面时location匹配到 .\php 结尾的文件转发到后端php服务处理请求。

知识点扩展：

通过请求分离

[root@lb01 conf]# vim nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  sendfile    on;
  keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream stack_pools {
    server 172.25.254.134:80 weight=5;
}
upstream dynamic_pools {
    server 172.25.254.135:80 weight=5;
}
  server {
    listen    80;
    server_name www.lbtest.com;
    location / {
      root  html;
      index index.html index.htm;
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
      proxy_pass http://dynamic_pools;
    }
    location /image/ {
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_pass http://stack_pools;
    }
    location /dynamic/ {
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_pass http://dynamic_pools;
    }
  }
}
[root@lb01 conf]# nginx -s reload

根据扩展名分离

[root@lb01 conf]# vim nginx.conf
 
worker_processes 1;
events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  sendfile    on;
  keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream stack_pools {
    server 172.25.254.134:80 weight=5;
}
upstream dynamic_pools {
    server 172.25.254.135:80 weight=5;
}
  server {
    listen    80;
    server_name www.lbtest.com;
    location / {
      root  html;
      index index.html index.htm;
      proxy_set_header Host $host;
      proxy_pass http://dynamic_pools;
    }
    location ~ .*.(jpg|png|gif|css|js|swf|bmp|jsp|php|asp)$ {
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_pass http://stack_pools;
    }
  }
}
[root@lb01 conf]# nginx -s reload

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