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Docker容器的网络管理和网络隔离的实现

admin Linux教程 2022-02-10 08:27:38 28 0 Docker   网络管理   Docker   网络隔离"

一、Docker网络的管理

1、Docker容器的方式

1)Docker访问外网

Docker容器连接到宿主机的Docker0网桥访问外网;默认自动将docker0网桥添加到docker容器中。

2)容器和容器之间通信
需要管理员创建网桥;将不同的容器连接到网桥上实现容器和容器之间相互访问。

3)外部网络访问容器
通过端口映射或者同步docker宿主机网络配置实现通信。

2、Docker容器网络通信的模式

1)bridge
默认容器访问外网通信使用;依赖docker0网桥。

2)none
需要给容器创建独立的网络命名空间;不会给创建的容器配置TCP/IP信息。

3)container
容器和容器通信使用;容器需要共享容器名称空间,通过共享容器名称空间实现不同容器通信。

4)host
容器内部网络和宿主机保持同步。

3、配置bridge网络通信模式

[root@centos01 yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 
       
[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install docker   
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl start docker    
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl enable docker   
[root@centos01 ~]# echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf  
[root@centos01 ~]# sysctl -p 
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@centos01 ~]# docker pull hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools 
[root@centos01 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY          TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED       SIZE
hub.c.163.com/public/centos  7.2-tools      4a4618db62b9    3 years ago     515 MB
[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -d --net=bridge --name centos7.201 hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  
      
b308fb5c097fd455073f2f4a280d2660e6943fe1a62d6409e8ebcd3b86469438
[root@centos01 ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE                  COMMAND         CREATED       STATUS       PORTS        NAMES
b308fb5c097f    hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  "/usr/bin/supervisord"  20 seconds ago   Up 19 seconds    22/tcp       centos7.201
[root@centos01 ~]# ifconfig  
docker0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos7.201 /bin/bash 
[root@b308fb5c097f /]# ifconfig  
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
[root@b308fb5c097f /]# ping www.baidu.com 
PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.18) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18: icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=18.4 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18: icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=18.3 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18: icmp_seq=3 ttl=50 time=16.9 ms
[root@b308fb5c097f /]# ping 192.168.100.10  
PING 192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.086 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.150 ms

4、配置none网络通信模式

[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -d --net=none --name centos7.202 hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  
      
e2c4837d67818e7ef4d7cedf964db21d98cabb594d12091d7f69da4e8fb3f30f
[root@centos01 ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE                  COMMAND         CREATED       STATUS       PORTS        NAMES
e2c4837d6781    hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  "/usr/bin/supervisord"  57 seconds ago   Up 56 seconds              centos7.202
b308fb5c097f    hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  "/usr/bin/supervisord"  7 minutes ago    Up 7 minutes    22/tcp       centos7.201
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos7.202 /bin/bash 
[root@e2c4837d6781 /]# ifconfig  
lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
    inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
[root@e2c4837d6781 /]# ping www.baidu.com 
ping: unknown host www.baidu.com
[root@e2c4837d6781 /]# 
[root@e2c4837d6781 /]# ping 192.168.100.10 
connect: Network is unreachable

5、配置host网络通信模式

[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -d --net=host --name centos7.203 -v /data1 hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  
    
2911358be486720c4ee93c8de22cd77301236f48c5baf22ea63bb3c54450032e
[root@centos01 ~]# ls /var/lib/docker/volumes/ 
dc755f3b6036f167471435629918d06264e1c2c6a8b175426fa80da36143a87e metadata.db
[root@centos01 ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID    IMAGE                  COMMAND         CREATED       STATUS       PORTS        NAMES
2911358be486    hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  "/usr/bin/supervisord"  About a minute ago  Up About a minute            centos7.203
e2c4837d6781    hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  "/usr/bin/supervisord"  15 minutes ago    Up 15 minutes              centos7.202
b308fb5c097f    hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  "/usr/bin/supervisord"  21 minutes ago    Up 21 minutes    22/tcp       centos7.201
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos7.203 /bin/bash 
[root@centos01 /]# ifconfig  
docker0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

ens32: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255

ens34: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.0.126 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255

lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
    inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

vethc39178a: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet6 fe80::7c4b:a6ff:fe1c:a37f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

virbr0: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos7.203 /bin/bash  
[root@centos01 /]# ping www.baidu.com  
PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.14) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=20.0 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=19.1 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=15.9 ms
[root@centos01 /]# ping 192.168.100.10  
PING 192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.020 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.060 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.030 ms
     
[root@centos01 ~]# cp /mnt/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz ./  
[root@centos01 ~]# ls 
anaconda-ks.cfg initial-setup-ks.cfg nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[root@centos01 ~]# cp nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz /var/lib/docker/volumes/dc755f3b6036f167471435629918d06264e1c2c6a8b175426fa80da36143a87e/_data/ 
    
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos7.203 /bin/bash  
[root@centos01 /]# ls
anaconda-post.log bin data1 dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@centos01 /]# cd data1/  
[root@centos01 data1]# ls  
nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[root@centos01 /]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel  
[root@centos01 /]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx  
[root@centos01 /]# tar zxvf /data1/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/  
[root@centos01 /]#yum -y install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel make 
[root@centos01 /]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.6.0/
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module && make && make install  
        
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/ 
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# echo "www.docker.nginx.com" > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html      
           
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/ 
     
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# netstat -anptu | grep nginx 
tcp    0   0 0.0.0.0:80       0.0.0.0:*        LISTEN   6268/nginx: master 
[root@centos01 ~]# curl http://192.168.100.10 
www.docker.nginx.com
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log  
     
192.168.100.10 - - [12/May/2020:21:42:47 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 21 "-" "curl/7.29.0"

6、配置docker0网卡参数

[root@centos01 ~]# ifconfig  
docker0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl stop docker  
[root@centos01 ~]# ip link set dev docker0 down  
[root@centos01 ~]# brctl delbr docker0  
[root@centos01 ~]# brctl addbr docker0  
[root@centos01 ~]# ip addr add 192.168.20.1/24 dev dokcer0 
[root@centos01 ~]# ip link set dev docker0 up  
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json  
    
{"registry-mirrors":["https://6kx4zyno.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]}
{"bip":"192.168.20.1/24"}  
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl start docker  
[root@centos01 ~]# ifconfig  
docker0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.20.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -it -d --name centos7.2v1 hub.c.163.com/public/centos:7.2-tools  
d0b5392e60cef37f3c44d79a9fb73916720cfc44faa7b73862bee05fb2d6ce7b
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos7.2v1 /bin/bash 
[root@d0b5392e60ce /]# ifconfig  
eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.20.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

二、Docker网络隔离

1、Docker网络隔离原理

需要管理创建网络空间名称;将不同的容器加载到不同的网络空间名称中实现隔离;默认不配置网络隔离默认给容器分配的docker0网络空间名称。

2、Docker容器自带的网络空间名称类型

  • bridge:容器桥接到docker0网桥上;
  • host:容器同步docker宿主机的网络配置信息;
  • none:不创建网络,docker容器不需要配置TCP/IP信息;

3、配置Docker网络名称空间隔离

[root@centos01 ~]# docker network ls  
NETWORK ID     NAME        DRIVER       SCOPE
8bb953004416    bridge       bridge       local
2c18234cad82    host        host        local
67860e823c36    none        null        local
[root@centos01 ~]# docker network create -d bridge liyanxin 
0c69de4672ec173dc4c60b19e0bf93b361f45a804859f7bc2105d85ca83b1169
[root@centos01 ~]# docker network create -d bridge gongsunli  
35687468c9034262173a96e9c23e045cbb8b7ffa6648fc84e015504740815001
[root@centos01 ~]# ifconfig  
br-0c69de4672ec: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 172.18.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

br-35687468c903: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 172.19.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0
[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -it -d --name centos6.701 --network=liyanxin hub.c.163.com/public/centos:6.7-tools  
     
b85a2d8419a98756369ddc3b78247d3d42c178e8e563a936fe973f2f6611f951
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos6.701 /bin/bash  
[root@b85a2d8419a9 /]# ifconfig  
eth0   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:12:00:02 
     inet addr:172.18.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -it -d --name centos6.702 --network=gongsunli hub.c.163.com/public/centos:6.7-tools  
   
9af0fb7b85af3270f3c7c44b62438f436b22289ac0a7604d6ed522604b7b185f
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos6.702 /bin/bash 
[root@9af0fb7b85af /]# ifconfig  
eth0   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:13:00:02 
     inet addr:172.19.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0

三、配置网桥实现网络隔离

1、配置网桥实现网络隔离的目的

实现Docker宿主机的容器跨Docker宿主机的容器通信使用。

2、配置网桥实现网络隔离原理
将物理网卡桥接到创建的网桥网卡上;给网桥网卡配置IP地址;创建容器加载网桥网卡实现;docker宿主机容器跨docker宿主机容器通信;管理员管理docker宿主机通过网桥网卡进行远程管理

3、配置docker网桥实现网络隔离

[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 
     
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens32
DEVICE=ens32
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0  
[root@centos01 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0  
     
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 
TYPE=Bridge  
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=br0   
DEVICE=br0  
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.10  
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart network  
[root@centos01 ~]# ifconfig  
br0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255

br-0c69de4672ec: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 172.18.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

br-35687468c903: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 172.19.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

docker0: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

ens32: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    ether 00:0c:29:18:d3:26 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

ens34: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet6 fe80::4ad2:dd37:4341:5d8e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
    inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

veth7b0bb5f: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet6 fe80::ccd3:86ff:fee6:5725 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

veth7e0f471: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet6 fe80::684c:fdff:fe13:b436 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

virbr0: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install git  
[root@centos01 ~]# git clone https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework
      
[root@centos01 ~]# cp pipework/pipework /usr/local/bin/  
[root@centos01 ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/pipework  
[root@centos01 ~]# docker run -d --name centos6.703 --network=none hub.c.163.com/public/centos:6.7-tools  
       
adea0ad48bdde947ec595382d96cba06eb6522ec046e9b3c7bfcb1edb5c84545
[root@centos01 ~]# pipework br0 centos6.703 192.168.100.101/24  
          
[root@centos01 ~]# docker exec -it centos6.703 /bin/bash  
[root@adea0ad48bdd /]# ifconfig  
eth1   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr FA:3A:9D:ED:C0:FF 
     inet addr:192.168.100.101 Bcast:192.168.100.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@adea0ad48bdd /]# ping 192.168.100.10
PING 192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.100 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.097 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms

4、配置docker宿主机容器和docker宿主机容器通信

[root@centos02 ~]# ping www.baidu.com 
PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.18) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=19.5 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=17.3 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=18.1 ms
[root@centos02 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos02 yum.repos.d]# ls
local.repo
[root@centos02 yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 
    
[root@centos02 ~]# yum install docker -y  
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl start docker   
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl enable docker  
[root@centos02 ~]# docker pull hub.c.163.com/public/centos:6.7-tools  
[root@centos02 ~]# docker images  
REPOSITORY          TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED       SIZE
hub.c.163.com/public/centos  6.7-tools      b2ab0ed558bb    3 years ago     602 MB
[root@centos02 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32  
       
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens32
DEVICE=ens32
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0  
[root@centos02 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0     
[root@centos02 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 
TYPE=Bridge  
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=br0  
DEVICE=br0  
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.20  
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl restart network  
[root@centos02 ~]# ifconfig  
br0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.100.20 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255

docker0: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 0.0.0.0

ens32: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    ether 00:0c:29:97:5c:9f txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

ens34: flags=4163 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.0.104 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255

lo: flags=73 mtu 65536
    inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

virbr0: flags=4099 mtu 1500
    inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
[root@centos02 ~]# yum -y install git  
[root@centos02 ~]# git clone https://github.com/jpetazzo/pipework  
     
[root@centos02 ~]# cp pipework/pipework /usr/local/bin/  
[root@centos02 ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/pipework  
[root@centos02 ~]# docker run -d --name centos6.7 --network=none hub.c.163.com/public/centos:6.7-tools  
abec0a6bd3822a2fd702dc44d1cf3043648aadd1a661e577c23701e30ee9df7a
[root@centos02 ~]# pipework br0 centos6.7 192.168.100.102/24  
     
[root@centos02 ~]# docker exec -it centos6.7 /bin/bash  
[root@abec0a6bd382 /]# ifconfig  
eth1   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr EE:01:B7:99:90:1C 
     inet addr:192.168.100.102 Bcast:192.168.100.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
[root@abec0a6bd382 /]# ping 192.168.100.101  
PING 192.168.100.101 (192.168.100.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.660 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.101: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.865 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.101: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.382 ms
[root@abec0a6bd382 /]# ping 192.168.100.10  
PING 192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.632 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.732 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.796 ms
[root@abec0a6bd382 /]# ping 192.168.100.20  
PING 192.168.100.20 (192.168.100.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.20: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.144 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.20: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.094 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.20: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms

到此这篇关于Docker容器的网络管理和网络隔离的实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Docker 网络管理和网络隔离内容请搜索潘少俊衡以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持潘少俊衡!

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